The hand comprises 27 bones, 29 joints, and over 30 muscles (intrinsic and extrinsic), making it the most complex functional unit of the upper extremity. Hand injuries and conditions — fractures, tendon lacerations, peripheral nerve injuries, burns, arthritis, and carpal tunnel syndrome — significantly impact occupational function, and hand therapy (a specialty within both occupational therapy and physical therapy) represents one of the most evidence-supported rehabilitation subspecialties.
Fracture Rehabilitation: Early Motion vs. Immobilization
The dogma of prolonged immobilization following hand fractures has been replaced by early controlled motion protocols — evidence consistently shows superior functional outcomes with shorter immobilization followed by guided exercise. Metacarpal fractures: after 3–4 weeks of fracture healing, progressive mobilization with buddy taping and hand therapy exercises produces better grip strength and range of motion than 6-week immobilization. Distal radius fractures: multidisciplinary evidence supports beginning wrist mobility exercises within 2–3 weeks of cast removal — delay worsens stiffness and functional recovery. Phalangeal fractures managed with ORIF: early controlled active motion (ECAM) protocols starting day 3–5 post-surgery show superior tendon gliding and reduced extensor lag versus traditional immobilization.
Tendon Repair Rehabilitation
Zone II flexor tendon repair (the "no man's land" — requiring meticulous surgical and rehabilitation technique): early active motion (EAM) protocols within 24–72 hours of repair significantly reduce adhesion formation and improve functional outcomes versus passive mobilization. Splinting during EAM: dorsal blocking splints (wrist 20° flexion, MPs 60–70° flexion, IPs neutral) protect the repair while allowing controlled tendon excursion. Our orthopedic and rehabilitation catalog includes hand therapy supplies including thermoplastic splinting material, digit sleeves, putty, and resistance tools used in hand rehabilitation programs. For infection control during wound management around post-surgical hands, our wound care supplies include appropriate dressing products for hand wound management.
